Report On The Sessional Paper No. 1 Of 2025 On Foreign Policy Of Kenya

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DATE 31,03.26

TABLED BY Chaiperr REPUBLICOFKENYA

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THIRTEENTHPARLIAMENT|FOURTHSESSION

THESENATE

STANDINGCOMMITTEEONNATIONALSECURITY,DEFENCE ANDFOREIGNRELATIONS

REPORTONTHESESSIONALPAPERNO.1OF2025ONTHE FOREIGNPOLICYOFTHEREPUBLICOFKENYA

THE SENATE RECETVED

2 5 MAR 2026

SPEAKER'S

OFFICE

Clerk's Chambers, The Senate, Parliament Buildings, NAIROBI.

March, 2026

Table of Contents

| LISTOFABBREVIATIONSANDACRONYMS. | LISTOFABBREVIATIONSANDACRONYMS. | |-----------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------| | PRELIMINARIES | PRELIMINARIES | | EstablishmentandMandateoftheCommittee iv | EstablishmentandMandateoftheCommittee iv | | Membership of the Committee. | Membership of the Committee. | | FOREWORDBYTHECHAIRPERSON | FOREWORDBYTHECHAIRPERSON | | CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION.. | CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION.. | | 1.0 | Introduction.. | | 1.1 | Objectsof theKenyaForeignPolicy.. | | 1.2 | Overviewof theKenyaForeignPolicy.. | | CHAPTERTWO:CONSIDERATIONOFTHESESSIONALPAPERANDSUBMISSIONS BYSTAKEHOLDERS... | CHAPTERTWO:CONSIDERATIONOFTHESESSIONALPAPERANDSUBMISSIONS BYSTAKEHOLDERS... | | 2.0Introduction 3 | 2.0Introduction 3 | | 2.1 | OverviewofstakeholdersubmissionsontheSessionalPaper 3 | | 2.1.1MinistryofInteriorand National Administration | 2.1.1MinistryofInteriorand National Administration | | 2.1.2TheNationalTreasuryandEconomicPlanning | 2.1.2TheNationalTreasuryandEconomicPlanning | | CHAPTERTHREE:COMMITTEEOBSERVATIONS | CHAPTERTHREE:COMMITTEEOBSERVATIONS | | CHAPTERFOUR:RECOMMENDATIONS LISTOFANNEXES 12 | CHAPTERFOUR:RECOMMENDATIONS LISTOFANNEXES 12 |

LISTOFABBREVIATIONSANDACRONYMS

AG

Attorney General

COK

Constitution of Kenya

CS

Cabinet Secretary

MFDA

Ministry of Foreign and Diaspora Affairs

MINA

Ministry ofInterior and National Administration

MOD

Ministry of Defence

TNT

The National Treasury

FSA

Foreign Service Academy

IGAD

Intergovernmental Authority on Development

COMESA

CommonMarket forEastern and SouthernAfrica

AfCFTA

African Continental Free Trade Area

UN

United Nations

EAC

EastAfrican Community

PRELIMINARIES

EstablishmentandMandateoftheCommittee

The Standing Committee on National Security, Defence and Foreign Relations is establishedpursuant toStandingOrder 228(3)of theSenateStandingOrdersand is mandatedto"considerallmattersrelatingtonationalsecurityandforeignrelations, disasterreduction and preparedness,homeaffairs, defence,immigration and internationalrelations".

Thefunctionsof theCommitteeare to-

• (a) investigate,inquire into, and report on all matters relating to the mandate, management,activities,administrationandoperations of its assigned ministriesanddepartments;
• (b)studytheprogrammeandpolicyobjectivesof itsassignedministriesand departments,andtheeffectivenessoftheimplementationthereof;
• (c)study and review all legislationreferred to it;
• (d)study,assess and analyze the success of the ministries and departments assignedtoitas measured bytheresults obtained as comparedwith their stated objectives;
• (e) considertheBudgetPolicyStatementin linewith theCommittee'smandate;
• (f)report on all appointments where theConstitution or anylawrequires the Senateto approve;
• (g)makereportsandrecommendations totheSenateasoftenas possible, includingrecommendationsforproposed legislation;
• (h) consider reports of Commissionsand Independent Officessubmitted to the Senatepursuant to theprovisionsofArticle254of theConstitution;
• (i) examine any statements raised by Senators on a matter within its mandate; and followupandreport onthestatusofimplementationofresolutionwithintheir mandate;and
• (j)followupand reportonthestatusofcommitmentsmadebytheCabinet Secretaries in their response to questionsunderStandingOrder51C.

MembershipoftheCommittee

The Committee is comprised of --

• 1)Sen.Fatuma Adan Dullo,CBS, MP

• Chairperson

• 2) Sen.(Prof.) Tom Odhiambo Ojienda, SC, MP

-Vice-Chairperson

• 3) Sen. Julius Murgor Recha, CBS, MP

• Member

• 4) Sen. (Dr.) Lelegwe Ltumbesi, CBS, MP

• Member

• 5) Sen. Abdul Mohammed Haji, CBS, MP

• Member

• 6) Sen. Okong'o Mogeni, SC, MP

• Member

• 7) Sen. Edwin Sifuna, CBS, MP

-Member

• 8) Sen. Joseph Githuku Kamau, MP

-Member

• 9) Sen. Vincent Kiprono Chemitei Cheburet, MP - Member

The Committee Secretariat is comprised of-

• 1) Mr. Derick Koli

-Principal ClerkAssistant

• 2) Ms. Lynn Aseka

• Clerk Assistant III

• 3) Mr. Moses Kenyanchui

• Senior Legal Counsel

• 4)Mr. Matano Kataa

• Research Officer III

• 5) Mr. Nandemu Barasa

-Media Relations OfficerIII

• 6) Ms. Lydia Kagumba

-Public Communications OfficerIHI

• 7) Mr. Salat Hussein Ali

• Fiscal Analyst III

• 8) Mr. Joseph Otieno

-Assistant Audio Officer

• 9)Mr.David Baraza

-Assistant Serjeant-At-Arms

The Minutes of the Committee in considering the Sessional Paper No.1 of 2025 on the Foreign Policy of the Republic of Kenya are attached to this Report as Annex 1.

Hon.Speaker

The Prime Cabinet Secretary through a letter dated 4th June, 2024wrote to the Speaker of theSenateinformingtheSenatethattheStateDepartmentforForeignAffairshad constitutedacommitteeto-reviewthe2014KenyaForeignPolicydocument.The Committee on the review of the foreign policy identified Parliament as a key stakeholder in the review process. The Ministry sought views.from Parliament on what should beincluded intheKenya's Foreign Policy as well as the roleof Parliamentin enhancingParliamentaryDiplomacy.

The review process of the 2014 Foreign Policy document culminated in the publication of the Sessional Paper No. 1 of 2025 on the Kenya Foreign Policy.

The Sessional Paper No. 1 of 2025 on the Kenya Foreign Policywas formally forwarded toParliamentand tabled in theSenateonWednesday12th,February,2025 andstoodcommittedtotheStandingCommitteeonNationalSecurity,Defenceand ForeignRelationsfor consideration.

Pursuant to Article 118 of the Constitution and standing order 145 (5) of the Senate Standing Orders, the Committee proceeded to undertake public participation on the Sessional Paper. In this regard, the Committee wrote letters torelevant stakeholders on 5thJuly,2025,invitingfor submissions.

Following the call for submissions,the Committee received written memoranda from two(2) stakeholders namely:Ministry ofInterior and National Administration and the National Treasury and EconomicPlanning.

Hon. Speaker,

Having considered the Sessional Paper No. 1 of 2025 on the Kenya Foreign Policy and the submissions received from stakeholders, the Committee made among others, the following observations -

• (a) Kenya's Foreign Policy plays a critical role in providing a strategic guide in the Country's international relations by providing a framework for the protection of national interests, securing economic prosperity, and promoting peace and security.Additionally,the Policy serves as a reference for the country's diplomatic engagements, setting out its goals and facilitating the coordination of actions with various government agencies to ensure a coherent approach to international issues;
• (b) County governments are one of the key actors in the foreign policy land scape as they play critical roles in trade and investment, tourism, agriculture and food security,health, climate action and culture.However, the Policy has no clear

FOREWORDBYTHECHAIRPERSON

framework setting out the manner in which Ministry and county governments will engage;

• (c) There are challenges of inadequacies relating to shortage of staff, training and capacity development recognizing the evolving international environment with new trends in diplomacy such as science, technology and innovation. The staff establishment is projected to be 3000 in five years'time against 1070 as at the year 2024;
• (d) The foreign service officers are negatively affected by uncompetitive remuneration, fluctuations in exchange rates and delays in exchequer releases on the payment of salaries leading to debts and difficulties in accessing essentialneeds;
• (e) There is a challenge of high expenditure relating to renting or leasing of diplomatic premises which is approximated to be about Ksh. 3 billion annually. Additionally, some of the facilities are idle or in dilapidated condition, while others are not insured and therefore could lead to huge losses to the state in the event of unforeseen events. The Ministry of Foreign and Diaspora Affairs proposes for public private partnership framework for the development of foreign missions'infrastructure;
• (f) There are states in which Kenya is not represented or is represented from other nearby missions. However, the policy does not specify states that Kenya has no representation;
• (g) Most missions do not have the infrastructure to render consular services especially issuance of National Identity cards, passports and birth certificates where processing of those documents is done in Kenya leading to delays in the provisionoftheservices;and
• (h) Despite the establishment of Diaspora Placement Agency to secure employment for Kenyan work force abroad, there are still cases of vulnerable migrantworkersrelatingtoinhumanetreatment andfallingin thehandsoffake agents who defraud them their resources and fail to secure the promised jobs abroad.

Hon. Speaker,

Based on the above Observations, the Committee made the following recommendations-

• (a) The Ministry of Foreign and Diaspora Affairs needs to engage the National Treasury and Economic Planning to seek the provision of resources for training and capacity development of the foreign service officers to enhance their diplomaticenvironment;

• (b) There is need for the Ministry Of Foreign and Diaspora Affairs to develop a framework for cooperation, consultation and complementarity with the devolved governments on matters relating to trade and investment, tourism, agriculture and food security, health, climate action and culture, linking the counties with international developmentpartners and financiers\_such asWorld Trade Organization, World Tourism Organization, Food and Agriculture Organization, World Food Programme, World Health Organization, World bank,United Nations Educational,Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) amongothers and marketing the counties abroad;
• (c) TheForeignService Academy should progressively identify training gaps with regard toemergingtrendsandchallengessothattheForeignServicestaffare adequately trained to effectively respond to evolving diplomatic issues in order to safeguard Kenya's national interests;
• (d) The National Treasury should endeavor to make exchequer releasesin good time to.theforeign missions to avoid delays which affect their operations;
• (e)TheMinistry ofForeignandDiasporaAffairs'shouldofferdecentremuneration to theforeign service officerswhich iscommensuratewithlivingstandardsand the regions of deployment to enable them to live with dignity;
• (f)TheMinistryofForeign and DiasporaAffairsinconsultationwiththeNational Treasury should allocate adequateresourcesfor acquisition of foreign mission infrastructures. In the alternative, the ministry should allocate sufficient resources for renovationof the dilapidated foreignmission infrastructures;
• (g)The MinistryofForeign and Diaspora Affairs should allocate adequate resources for the provision of consular servicessuch as National Identity Cards, passports and birth certificates to prevent unprecedent delays which are an inconvenience to the people seeking the services;
• (h) TheMinistrythrough the Diaspora PlacementAgencyand the National Employment Authority should ensure proper vetting of recruiting agencies for migrantworkers,enforcementofrelevantlawsandregulationsandcooperation withforeigngovernmentsfor theprotectionof thewelfareand interestsof Kenyans abroad. In addition, the Ministry should develop a mechanism for public awareness and urging Kenyans abroad to register with the relevant foreignmissionsforease of trackingfor swiftresponsein case of need;and
• (i) The Senate approves the Sessional Paper No. 1 of 2025 on the Kenya Foreign Policy.

Hon.Speaker,

Allow me to thank the Members of the Committee for their diligence during the consideration of thisSessionalPaper.I furtherwishto thank theMinistryofInterior and National Administration and the National Treasury and Economic Planning for theirsubmissionstotheCommittee.

I also wish to thank the Offices of the Speaker and the Clerk of the Senate for the support accorded to the Committee during the consideration of this Sessional Paper.

Hon. Speaker,

It is now my pleasant duty, pursuant to Standing Order 238 (2), to present the Report of the Standing Committee on National Security, Defence and Foreign Relations on the Sessional Paper No. 1 of 2025 on the Kenya Foreign Policy for consideration by the Senate.

Signed.....

Date.....

2s131 202.6

SEN.FATUMADULLO,CBS,MP CHAIRPERSON,STANDINGCOMMITTEE ONNATIONALSECURITY, DEFENCEANDFOREIGNRELATIONS.

1.0Introduction

2. The Sessional Paper No. 1 of 2025 on the Kenya Foreign Policy was formally presented in Parliament on 13th, February, 2025, and was committed to the Standing Committee on National Security, Defence and Foreign Relations for consideration.A copy of theSessional Paperis attached as Annex 2.

1.1 0bjects of theKenya ForeignPolicy

• 3.The Purpose of presentation of the Sessional Paper was to seek approval of the reviewed Kenya Foreign Policy document of 2024 by Parliament.

4. The objectives of the Kenya's foreign policy are to-

• (a) Protect Kenya's sovereignty and territorial integrity;
• (b) Promoteregional and globalpeaceand security;
• (c) Advance the country's development agenda and economic prosperity;
• (d) Position Kenya as a leader in environmental and climate action;
• (e) Project, promote and protect the country's image andprestigeglobally;
• (f) Promote sub-regional and regional integration and cooperation;
• (g) Promote international cooperation, multilaterism and active participation in global governance; and
• (h) Enhance the voice of Kenyans in Diaspora and promote and protect their interests and welfare abroad.

1.20verview of the Kenya ForeignPolicy

5. The Kenya Foreign Policy was first documented in 2014 to encapsulate the previous diverse sources which included the Constitution, Sessional papers, Party manifestos, international treaties, agreements, conventions and charters,

CHAPTER ONE:INTRODUCTION

national plans, policy and legal framework as well as political leadership pronouncements.

6. The Kenya foreign policy aims at preserving sovereignty and independence as well as safeguarding and promoting economic, political and socio-cultural interests. 7. The Kenya foreign policy has undergone significant transformation since independence influenced by various factors. such as geographical shifts, technological development, regional developments, national priorities as well as emerging challenges. 8. The 2014 foreign policy document was revised in 2024 as contained in the Sessional Paper No. 1 of 2025 on the Kenya Foreign Policy to align it with the national interests and priorities and ensure that it remains effective and relevant S n stakeholdersareinvolvedin theformulationandexecutionof thenation's foreign policy. 9. The policy change is intended to accommodate trends and changes in international relations in order to enable the country to strategically project its foreign policy to secure national interest for the benefit of its people and mutuality in global affairs. 10. The review of the policy further seeks to respond to adaptability and diversity in foreign relations with regard to Pan-Africanism, globalization, diaspora engagement, emerging security threats, environment and climate diplomacy, global pandemics, African identity, regional and continental integration, regional stability, advancing global reforms on financial and socio-economic organizations and promoting equitable application of international law.

CHAPTERTWO:CONSIDERATIONOFTHESESSIONALPAPER ANDSUBMISSIONSBYSTAKEHOLDERS

2.0 Introduction

• 11.TheSessional Paper No.1 of 2025 on theKenya ForeignPolicywas formally presented in Parliament on 13th, February, 2025, and was committed to the Standing Committee on National Security,Defence and ForeignRelationsfor consideration.
• 12.Pursuant toArticle118of theConstitutionandstandingorder 145(5)of the Senate Standing Orders, the Committee proceeded to undertake public participation on the Sessional Paper. In this regard, the Committee wrote letters to relevant stakeholders on 5th, July, 2025, inviting for submissions.
• 13.Followingthecallforsubmissions,theCommitteereceivedwrittenmemoranda from two (2) stakeholders namely: Ministry of Interior and National Administration and the National Treasury and Economic Planning.
• 14.Copies of the submissions are attached as Annex 3.

2.1OverviewofstakeholdersubmissionsontheSessionalPaper

2.1.1MinistryofInteriorandNational Administration

15. The Ministry submitted that it has a major role to play in the implementation of thepolicyin three of theeightpillarsof thepolicywhich are- 2. (a) Peace and Security Diplomacy as the ministry is in charge of the following functions:

• i. Policy on internal and homeland security;
• ii. Civilian oversight of the National Police Service;
• iii. Coordination of national security organs in matters relating to computer andcybercrimes andmanagementof cyber treats;
• iv. Policy on training security personnel;
• V. Border management (marine and terrestrial);
• vi. Disaster and emergency response coordination;
• vii. Security of roads and airstrips; and
• viii. Control of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances.

• (b) Oceans and Blue Diplomacy-in the protection of national waters and enforcementoflawbytheKenyaCoastGuardService.
• (c) Environment and Climate Change Diplomacy-in which the ministry participates in tree planting initiatives through the National Government Administrative Officers, who mobilize communities to plant trees with the goal of achieving national tree cover of 30% by 2032 as a way of combating climate change and restoring degraded ecosystems.
• 16.The Ministry acknowledged the rapid evolution of the global environment whichnecessitated thereviewof theforeignpolicy document of 2014,stating that the new policy will enhance Kenya's global standing, promote its national interests and contribute to sub-regional, regional and global development.
• 17.The Ministry expressed support for the Sessional Paper No. 1 of 2025 on the Kenya's Foreign Policy.

2.1.2 The National Treasury and Economic Planning

18. The National Treasury and Economic Planning submitted as follows- 2. (a) Financial requirements-that the treasury noted existing funding gaps for the State Department of Foreign Affairs, especially a requirement of Ksh. 57.02 billion for the Financial Year 2026/27 to undertake its mandate. Additionally, Diaspora Affairs of Ksh. 22.86 billion to implement its strategic plan, with specific requirements of Ksh.5.30 billion, Ksh.5.32 billion and Ksh. 4.64 billion for FY 2025/26, 2026/27, 2027/28 respectively. 3. (b)PrioritizationandAllocationofResources-statingthatthegovernmentis operatingunderveryconstrainedfiscalenvironmentdue theescalationofdebt service and requirements to address emerging priorities in the security and social sectors. In view of this, any funding requirement from the exchequer should be rationalized through the normal budgetary process, and within the availableresources. 4. (c) Diplomatic infrastructure-that the National Treasury noted the proposal for funding diplomatic infrastructure through Public Private Partnership. On the Public Private Partnership, the Treasury stated that a comparable analysis should be undertaken to ascertain the viability of the proposal including a risk analysis covering financial, operational, legal and political risks. The National Treasury expressed its commitment to support the Ministry of Foreign and Diaspora Affairs through technical support and any other necessary resources. 5. (d) Taxation-that the National Treasury noted that the policy does not have tax relatedmatters.

• 19.The National Treasury and Economic Planning expressed support for the Sessional Paper No. 1 of 2025 and its implementation within a sustainable fiscalframework.

CHAPTERTHREE:COMMITTEEOBSERVATIONS

• 20.Having considered the Sessional Paper and submissions received thereon, the Committee observed that-
• (a) Kenya's Foreign Policy plays a critical role in providing a strategic guide in the Country's international relations by providing a framework for the protection of national interests, securing economic prosperity, and promoting peace and security. Additionally, the Policy serves as a reference for the country's diplomatic engagements, setting out its goals and facilitating the coordination of actions with various government agencies to ensure a coherent approach to international issues;
• (b) County governments are one of the key actors in the foreign policy land scape. Counties play a critical role in sectors such as trade and investment, tourism, agriculture and food security, health, climate action and culture, which the policy has identified as some of the areas of focus. Further, the Policy has the Ministry and county governments. However, the Policy has not clearly set out the manner in which Ministry and county governments will collaborate in implementing the Policy;
• (c) There are challenges of inadequacies relating to shortage of staff, training and capacity development recognizing the evolving international environment with new trends in diplomacy such as science, technology and innovation. The staff establishment is projected to be 3000 in five years'time against 1070 as at the year 2024;
• (d) The foreign service officers are negativelyaffected by uncompetitive remuneration,fluctuationsin exchange rates and delays in exchequer releases on the payment of salaries leading to debts and difficulties in accessing essential needs;
• (e) There is a challenge of high expenditure relating to renting or leasing of diplomatic premises which is approximated to be about Kshs. 3 billion annually.Additionally,some of the facilities are idle or in dilapidated condition,whileothers arenot insured and therefore couldlead tohugelosses tothe state in the event ofunforeseen events.TheMinistry of Foreign and Diaspora Affairs proposes for public private partnership framework for the development of foreign missions' infrastructure;
• (f) There are states in which Kenya is not represented or is represented from other nearby missions. However, the states which Kenya is not represented are not indicatedin theSessionalPaper;

• (g) Most missions do not have the infrastructure to render consular services especially issuance of National Identity cards,passports and birth certificates where processing of those documents is done in Kenya leading to delays in the provision of the services;
• (h) Despite the establishment of DiasporaPlacement Agencyto secure employment for Kenyan worker force abroad, there are still cases of vulnerable migrantworkersrelatingtoinhumanetreatmentandfallinginthehandsoffake agents who defraud them their resources and fail to secure the promised jobs abroad;
• (i) Whereas the Kenya Foreign Policy makes commitment for support to the candidatureofKenyanstoelectivepositionstostrategicpolicyanddecisionmaking organs in regional and international intergovernmental bodies, there seem to exist a challenge in Kenya's diplomatic efforts in lobbying and marshaling support from the international community;
• Gj) There are linguistic and translation barriers in communication and presentation that affect the operations of missions abroad.However,the policy does not provide solutions to the communication challenges;
• (k) The provision on defence diplomacy does not have a structuredframework on foreign military relations pertaining providing guidance on agreements on foreign military training in Kenya relating to accountability and oversight, with regard to safety, human rights violations, negative environmental impact, negligence in disposal of dangerous weapons used in training and provision on reparation to those injured out of the activities of foreign military training operations;
• (l) The pillar on environment and Climate Change Diplomacy does not provide a clearframeworkfor-
• i. benefiting Kenya from Carbon Trading with regard to economic, social and environmental guidelines and issuance of relevant permits and licenses;and
• i1. negotiating for access to the Loss and Damage Fund, in which developed countries committed to a collectivegoal of mobilizing USD The Loss and Damage Fund is aimed at cushioning the country from the adverse consequences of the unavoidable risks of climate change, such as rising sea levels, prolonged heat waves, floods, desertification, the acidification of thesea andextreme eventssuch asbushfires,species extinction and crop failures, acknowledging that the developed states are the major contributors of climate change;
• i. Endorse the transfer of the Ministry from Public Administration and International Relations (PAIR) Sector Working Group to the Security Sector Working Group (SSWG);
• ii. Facilitate transformation of the Technical Fund for Regional Cooperation to Kenya International Cooperation Agency (KITCA), with the mandate to provide technical support to regional partners in education, training and capacity building, democracy and good governance, peacebuilding, post-conflict reconstruction and humanitarian support among others;
• iii. Endorse and facilitate the revision of the Foreign Service Act, Cap. 185E and development of its attendant Regulations;
• iv. Approve the budgetary allocation for the Diaspora Welfare Fund due to increased cases of Kenyans in distress abroad and the plight of migrant workers;
• V. Facilitate the establishment of a Contingency Fund or reinstate the "Forex Loss Assumption Facility", to cushion the missions against Forex Losses;
• vi. relating to diaspora matters to improve Diaspora Welfare and Rights; increase Diaspora Savings, investments, remittances and technology transfer; increased Diaspora job mobility, job placement and skills; and strengthened Diaspora engagement and 1 partnershipsincluding remittance-driven investments through real estate among others;
• vii. Approve expansion of the diplomatic footprint to leverage on trade and investment opportunities and position Kenya strategically especially in the emerging blocks such as BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa, Egypt, United Arab Emirates, Iran and Ethiopia);
• viii. Facilitate the strengthening of collective legal and policy frameworks in the digital space;
• ix. Consider and support a flexible tax regime within the Privileges and Immunities Act, Cap. 179, that incentivizes the hosting of more multilateral and financial hubs in Kenya;
• X. Consider and support institutionalization of social benefit portability frameworks within regional and international agreements; and
• xi. Facilitate the strengthening of institutional and legal framework for successful issuance and investment in diaspora bonds.·

CHAPTERFOUR:RECOMMENDATIONS

• 21.Thecommitteemakesthefollowingrecommendations
• (a) The Ministry of Foreign and Diaspora Affairs needs to engage the National Treasury and Economic Planning to seek the provisionof resources for training and capacity development of the foreign service officers to enhance their competencies to be properly empowered to respond to emerging issues in the diplomatic environment;
• (b) There is need for the Ministry to develop a framework for cooperation, consultation andcomplementaritywith thedevolvedgovernmentson matters relating to trade and investment,tourism,agriculture and food security, health, climate action and culture, linking the counties with international development partners and financiers such as World Trade Organization, World Tourism Organization, Food and Agriculture Organization, World Food Programme, World Health Organization, Worldbank,UnitedNationsEducational,Scientificand Cultural abroad;
• withregard to emerging trends and challenges so that the Foreign Service staff are adequatelytrained toeffectively respondto theevolving diplomatic issues such as digital and technology diplomacy, shifting global order,science,:research,and innovation in order to safeguard Kenya's nationalinterests;
• (d) The National Treasury should endeavor to make exchequer releases in good time to the foreignmissions to avoid delays which affect their operations. Additionally, the Ministry of Foreign and Diaspora Affairs should offer decent remuneration to theforeignservice officers to enable them to live with dignity;
• (e) The Ministry of Foreign and Diaspora Affairs should engage the National Treasury and Economic Planning to deliberate on the viability of Public PrivatePartnership-in the development offoreignmissions'infrastructure tosave the country from the huge expenditure on rent.Further,the Ministry of Foreign and Diaspora Affairs should seek the necessary resources from the exchequer to.ensure that all foreign missions'facilities areinsured and thattheidleanddilapidatedfacilitiesarerehabilitatedand put into use;
• (f)TheMinistryshouldmakethenecessaryeffortsbyseekingfacilitation from the National Treasury and Economic Planning or budgetary approval byParliamenttohaverepresentation instatesinwhichKenyaisnot

represented or is represented from other missions as such states may be of great significance to the national interests of the Republic of Kenya;

• (g) The Ministry should seek the necessary facilitation from the National Treasury and Economic Planning for the acquisition of the relevant infrastructure for the provision of consular services such as National Identity Cards, passports and birth certificates to prevent unprecedent delays which are an inconvenience to the people seeking the services;
• P Employment Authority should ensure proper vetting of private recruiting agencies for migrant workers through enforcement of relevant laws and regulations and cooperation with foreign governments;
• (i) The Ministry of Foreign and Diaspora Affairs should develop a mechanism and procedures for public awareness and mandatory registration of Kenyans with the relevant Kenyan foreign missions;
• Gj) The Ministry of Foreign and Diaspora Affairs should conduct an analysis onissuesthataffectthesuccessof thecandidatureof Kenyansin intergovernmental organizations and submit a report to parliament within 60 days;
• (k) The Ministry of Foreign and Diaspora Affairs should recruit competent personnel and facilitate training in relevant foreign languages to alleviate foreign language barriers;
• (l) The Ministry of Foreign and Diaspora Affairs in collaboration with the Ministry of Defence should develop a structured framework including guidelines on accountability and oversight, human right protection, environmental protection, disposal of dangerous weapons and reparations in instance where civilians suffer injuries, lose lives as well as destruction of property as a result of negligence or intentional acts by foreign military officers;
• (m) The Ministry of Foreign and Diaspora Affairs and the Ministry of Environment, Climate Change and Forestry should develop a comprehensive framework for Carbon Trading and negotiating for access to the Loss and Damage Fund;
• (n) The Ministry of Foreign and Diaspora Affairs should-
• i. provide a detailed justification for the establishment of the Kenya International Cooperation Agency (KITCA) to parliament;
• ii. identify the specific legislative gaps in the Foreign Service Act, Cap. 185E and attendant regulations that require parliamentary interventions and submit a report to parliament within 6 months;

• ii. develop a proposalfor the institutional architecture of social benefit portability frameworks within regional and international agreements and forward it to the National Treasury and Economic Planning and Parliament for consideration; and

2. submit therelevant-proposal for strengthening ofinstitutional and legalframework forsuccessfulissuanceand investment in diaspora bonds to the National Treasury and Economic Planning andParliamentfor consideration. 3. (o) Parliament approves the Sessional Paper No. 1 of 2025 on the Kenya ForeignPolicy.